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Главная » Статьи » Копирайт » Philosophy

Статья, копирайт, эссе, essay, philosophy, Socrates, философия, Сократ

Socrates

 

В статье рассказывается о философии Сократа

 Socrates occupies a foundational place in the world history. However in spite of this fact, he left no notes after him (Socrates). His ideas became known only due to the notes of his students. Among these works Plato’s "The Apology” occupies an outstanding place. It he whom we are obliged for almost everything we know about Socrates today. 

Socrates spoke of God this way: he did not know whether he existed or not, but knew that his thoughts were all over around them. Soul and consciousness are primary for him, nature is secondary. He considered that if a person knew his own soul, it would help to know God and to approach him. Human reasonabless is the major proof of God’s existence.

Socrates was a man of a great wisdom. He did not try to persuade people in his own point of view or vision of the world. He asked many questions and thus let people express their own thoughts and philosophy on this or that topic. Socrates’ attention was mainly fixed on people. A man was in the centre of his interests. He tried of understand people’s philosophy, their essence and soul. Therefore his philosophy is known as ethical philosophy. His simple questions puzzled and bewildered protagonists of demagogy. Aristocrats considered him a man of the common people, democrats were afraid that he would uncover their evil and unfair essence. It took a long time for people to endure all his bold questions, commentaries and statements. However, at last the authorities could stand it no longer and Socrates was the first man to be sentenced to death.

Socrates told that the main object of wisdom is to differentiate between good and evil. There are no sinless people, that is why it is very important to see our own and other people’s sins and vices. One of the most low and ugly vices Socrates considered drinking. He considered that mind dominates in other vices. There are vices which imply virtue, knowledge, diligence, courage, perspicacity, resourcefulness, slyness and craftiness. But drinking is the worst of them because it destroys body and mind while the others only dull them. This vice is corporeal and material. Therefore the rudest people are those who are prone to drinking. As to the virtues, Socrates differentiated four kinds of them: prudence or wisdom, courage, temperance or self-discipline and justice or morality (Socrates In Plato`S The Republic). These were Socrates’ ideas as to goodness and evil.

"Scio me nihil scire”: "As for me, all I know is that I know nothing.” (Socrates quotes). These Socrates’ words are the essence of human wisdom. The great Greek philosopher sincerely admitted that he knew nothing in this world. Was it really so? I really doubt this fact. If this great man really knew nothing he would not be considered by millions of people of all times in the course of history one of the cleverest and wisest men of all times. So, the essence of this expression is deeper that it may seem from the first sight. The idea of these magnificent words is not that a person should know much in this world, but to understand that no one can know everything and to claim this would not even unwise but really foolish. His own example showed that the more a person knows in this world, the more he or she comprehends that the sphere of knowledge is boundless and it is impossible even to approach it. Unfortunately not many people in our modern world are aware of real essence of Socrates’ words. People are too selfish and arrogant to remember they cannot understand and know everything. Therefore on the basis of their ignorance, prejudice and misconception they ignore other people’s interests and attack them. This is definitely misinterpretation of Socrates’ words. We should really think about it and change our behavior. These words should lead to another very important thought about self-knowledge: "nosce te ipsum”. This is the only way for each person to come to the understanding and comprehending of justice, law, goodness, virtue, and evil. The foolishness is not in knowing little, but in not knowing yourself and thus thinking that you are not clever.

Socrates considered that philosophy is the only way to know God. He believed that philosophy is a kind of death. A person prepares to die on earth, but the soul becomes free from its body cover and gets its own existence. That is why Socrates was not afraid of death. A person is not a simple part of nature. Existence is originally given to a person. It is not in our power to be born or to be not, we can only grasp the idea that "scio ne nihil scire”. A person can understand on his own that all of us are the part of one common commencement; we belong to something common, to what all people are referred to.


Категория: Philosophy | Добавил: prowriter (29.01.2012)
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